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- What are the immediate business opportunities in hypertext?
- ===========================================================
-
- If hypertext can deliver desired knowledge with a minimum of keystrokes
- regardless of the levels of user understanding, many information users may
- shift to this technology. <FILE29 TYPES OF INFORMATION>
-
- Why will they shift to hypertext? Because quick, easy access to desired
- knowledge is better than databases, expert systems, microfiche, books,
- libraries, or specialists. However, that's the future! What about today?
-
- Immediate business opportunities in hypertext center on four concepts:
- substitution, captive, entrepreneurial, and contract hypertext. Let's
- consider each in turn. <FILE43 EXAMPLES>
-
-
- Substitution Opportunities
- ==========================
-
- If you provide information to others -- newsletters, news, reports, manuals,
- rulings, directories, summaries -- you can initially offer information in
- both paper/ink and disk/bytes formats.
-
- The putting such information in hypertext formats may be costly, but cumulative
- indexes, update speed, access speed, information filtering, or integrating
- relationships all offer benefits to your customers.
-
- If you already own copyrighted material, the information creation costs are
- already sunk. Distribution of the same information in hypertext formats may
- expand current markets or open significant new markets unsuited for
- paper/inks formats.
-
- If you plan to put existing print information into hypertext formats,
- remember this. Computer screens lack the layout and design possibilities of
- ink on paper. But, because screens offer animation, branching, and linking
- possibilities, radically different surface and subconscious communication
- possibilities exist in each media. Learn or know the differences . . . or
- experiment to uncover the principles of effective presentations of text and
- design on screens.
-
-
- Captive Opportunities <FILE51 TOLL POSITIONS>
- =====================
-
- If you dispense information within an organization -- training, teaching,
- supervising, answering, referencing, or standardizing -- you have a captive
- market for hypertext.
-
- Each of these processes involve the transmission of information or knowledge.
- The reason for putting such information in hypertext format may center on speed,
- cost of personnel, or building a knowledge collective. However, here's the
- serious philosophical question hypertext raises.
-
- Hypertext formats can convert information from specialty goods to commodity
- goods. If hypertext does work, it can levelize abilities within an industry. If
- beginners and experts dispense the same advice, the specialty prices for
- information will go only to those whose talents go beyond hypertext (e.g.,
- hand-holding, style, confidence, or superior insights).
-
- While you can laugh at the Luddites (people against the introduction of power
- looms in England), we've already encountered the same reaction to a hypertext
- system we built. In one industry, our system simply minimized vast differences
- in pay and experience. With beginners dispensing the same advice as
- the experts, the entire compensation structure became threatened.
-
- I leave that for you to consider -- equality in abilities to deliver
- information should imply equality in compensation. Using hypertext
- capabilities in organizations with varying pay scales might be much harder
- than building the hypertext system itself.
-
-
- New Opportunities
- =================
-
- Another approach to hypertext is entrepreneurial in which you use hypertext to
- organize and sell new forms of information.
-
- For example, we've learned of a firm that sells quantities of 5-1/4 inch
- disks at $1,000 each per month, with buyers lined up for purchase. What's on
- the disk?
-
- The firm organizes all available co-op advertising money from all manufacturers
- and distributes nationwide into categories for each type of retail store. The
- buyers of the disks are newspaper advertising salesmen. These disks
- greatly expand their ability to sell advertising space to retailers since
- much of the cost is paid by manufacturers.
-
- The value of information lies in how it is organized . . . and not in the cost
- of the disk. While hypertext can organize information in ways that make it
- invaluable to users (speed or convenience), if the information simply isn't
- available in any other format, you've created an information gold mine. As
- such, you deserve and can earn premium prices for your efforts far in excess
- of the product cost or time saved.
-
-
- Contract Opportunities
- ======================
-
- Another type of hypertext opportunity lies in creating hypertext systems for
- others.
-
- If you are experienced with the tools for creating hypertext such as word
- processors, outliners, and network manipulators; simply build a sample
- hypertext system and use it as a resume to build hypertext systems for
- others.
-
- Many firms have corporate minutes, policy manuals, or product specifications
- that hypertext formats would improve. Alternately, particularly in legal
- conflicts where the possession of superior information management typically
- wins, talents for organizing and integrating all relevant detail with
- finger-tip access are invaluable. Both of these businesses offer exciting
- opportunities for people demonstrating talents for rapidly building hypertext
- systems.
-
- Analyzing Hypertext Opportunities
- =================================
-
- Beyond these four immediate business opportunities for hypertext, you might
- consider this.
-
- . What information do you have that people will pay $200-$300 a year for?
- . What information goes out of date almost instantly, but needs to be
- indexed?
- . What paper/ink information do people touch every day?
- . What are the types of problems created by paper/ink information
- formats?
-
- I think that while hypertext skills are currently an excellent cottage
- industry (single crafts-person, low cost tools, easy production), in the
- future, hypertext may be more important than the current software market.
- Here's why.
-
- Today's disks mostly contain programs for processing (i.e., do something
- faster). That's due to the concept of programming, which is essentially
- organizing sequences of small operations into larger and hopefully useful
- operations. The only knowledge contained on the disk is the skill of the
- programmer.
-
- However, with hypertext you can put knowledge of any field (not just
- programming) on a disk. The market for desired information is much larger
- than the market for processes. With some 70 percent of the workers in the U.S.
- somehow involved in dispensing information, systems that serve that market
- may be much more important than systems for faster processing of letters or
- numbers.
-
- Given the competitive pressures and the rate of changes in software, in ten
- years there won't be software empires based on word processing, spreadsheets,
- or databases. After all, what was a corner on the buggy-whip market worth
- after the introduction of the automobile?
-
- If today's book publishers can't corner all for literary authors,
- future software companies won't be able to control markets for knowledge
- authors. For that reason, experienced knowledge authors will have a bright
- future with earning potentials not based on one-shot entertainment values
- but on repeated use (like movie/TV residuals).
-
- How do you become a knowledge author?
- =====================================
-
- You do it by building knowledge systems:
-
- ┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
- │ - by learning the tools <FILE64 SOFTWARE> │
- │ - by learning the techniques <FILE30 HOW TO GUIDE> │
- │ - by learning the current markets <FILE43 MARKETS> │
- └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
-
- The current best-selling author, Stephen King says, "If you write an hour a
- day, in ten years you'll be a good author." With hypertext, if you can
- build a good system a month, in a year you'll be among the best.
-
- If you follow the literature of systems built and tools used, I think you'll
- find mostly hacker and spaghetti hypertext systems built at epic effort.
- The fault is not with the authors but rather the tools used.
-
- To sing our own praises, we've built and delivered several multi-megabyte
- hypertext systems on contract. The software tools we use -- splitter,
- markers, checkers, classifiers, tree builders, verifiers -- are fundamental to
- our efforts.
-
- As we find no mention of such programs in the common hypertext literature or by
- other companies, we can only conclude that the field is very new and, as such,
- the opportunities are unlimited if you can put your knowledge on a disk.
-
- Neil Larson 1/14/88 FILE80
- Copyright MaxThink 1988 -- Call 415-428-0104 for permission to reprint
-